Carbon Cycle:
1. Draw the carbon cycle (on a separate piece of paper)
(Diagram is showed to left).
2. How does carbon exist in the atmosphere?
Carbon is an element that is found everywhere in all living things. It is also found in oxygen , and with the help of the sun by photosyntesis is pulled from the air that in a future will become food for plants.
3. How are fossil fuels created? Explain.
As carbon is the food of plants, by food chains all this is transported to other living beings , and as they die all these "nutriments or carbon" start decomposing into the ground. Furthermore, after a millions of years these "nutriments" or carbon will become fossiles.
4. Describe two ways that carbon enters the atmosphere.
There are two ways is where carbon can be in the atmosphere. The first that I'm to talk about is the process called respiration, in where all living things release oxygen but once it comes from them it becomes carbon dioxide. Another way in which carbon enters to the atmosphere is by burning fossil fuels. This can be by the cars, factories , etc.
5. How are the oceans involved in the carbon cycle?
Oceans are involved in the carbon cycle because they are the ones that basically soak up the carbon from the atmosphere.
6. How is the temperature of the Earth partly controlled by carbon?
Carbon plays a super role in earth temperature because without it earth will be a frozen planet. However ,through the years human have been using more than the necessary which is causing the planet become even more warm than the normal.
7. What role do rocks have within the carbon cycle?
they add carbon to the surface of the earth.
8. Where are you starting within the carbon cycle?
As a carbon atom.
9. How much of the atmosphere is made of carbon dioxide (CO2)?
0.04%
10. By how much has CO2 increased in the atmosphere during the past 150 years?
30%
11. Next stop :What did you learn?
The ocean absorbs more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than the land does.
12. Next stop: What did you learn?
Marine life cannot survive without carbon, but high levels of carbon disolved in ocean waters are harmful to marine organisms such as algae, mollusks and coral.
The deep ocean accounts for more than _65_ % of the Earth’s carbon.
How much carbon does the surface ocean absorb from the atmosphere each year?
Approximately 90 Gigatons of carbon per year.
True or False: When plants die and decay, they bring carbon into soil.
True
13. Next stop :What did you learn?
Carbon atoms are part of a greenhouse gas called carbon dioxide.
14. Next stop: What did you learn?
Cold water absorbs carbon faster than warm water.
15. Next stop :What did you learn?
As more carbon dioxide is added to our atmosphere, plants will be able to grow faster.
When carbon enters the deep ocean, how long does it stay there?
It stays there for hundreds of years.
True or False: Phytoplankton are tiny plants and algae that float in the ocean and take up carbon
dioxide as they grow.
True
True or False: Plants both absorb CO2 from the atmosphere and release it into the atmosphere.
True
1. Draw the carbon cycle (on a separate piece of paper)
(Diagram is showed to left).
2. How does carbon exist in the atmosphere?
Carbon is an element that is found everywhere in all living things. It is also found in oxygen , and with the help of the sun by photosyntesis is pulled from the air that in a future will become food for plants.
3. How are fossil fuels created? Explain.
As carbon is the food of plants, by food chains all this is transported to other living beings , and as they die all these "nutriments or carbon" start decomposing into the ground. Furthermore, after a millions of years these "nutriments" or carbon will become fossiles.
4. Describe two ways that carbon enters the atmosphere.
There are two ways is where carbon can be in the atmosphere. The first that I'm to talk about is the process called respiration, in where all living things release oxygen but once it comes from them it becomes carbon dioxide. Another way in which carbon enters to the atmosphere is by burning fossil fuels. This can be by the cars, factories , etc.
5. How are the oceans involved in the carbon cycle?
Oceans are involved in the carbon cycle because they are the ones that basically soak up the carbon from the atmosphere.
6. How is the temperature of the Earth partly controlled by carbon?
Carbon plays a super role in earth temperature because without it earth will be a frozen planet. However ,through the years human have been using more than the necessary which is causing the planet become even more warm than the normal.
7. What role do rocks have within the carbon cycle?
they add carbon to the surface of the earth.
8. Where are you starting within the carbon cycle?
As a carbon atom.
9. How much of the atmosphere is made of carbon dioxide (CO2)?
0.04%
10. By how much has CO2 increased in the atmosphere during the past 150 years?
30%
11. Next stop :What did you learn?
The ocean absorbs more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than the land does.
12. Next stop: What did you learn?
Marine life cannot survive without carbon, but high levels of carbon disolved in ocean waters are harmful to marine organisms such as algae, mollusks and coral.
The deep ocean accounts for more than _65_ % of the Earth’s carbon.
How much carbon does the surface ocean absorb from the atmosphere each year?
Approximately 90 Gigatons of carbon per year.
True or False: When plants die and decay, they bring carbon into soil.
True
13. Next stop :What did you learn?
Carbon atoms are part of a greenhouse gas called carbon dioxide.
14. Next stop: What did you learn?
Cold water absorbs carbon faster than warm water.
15. Next stop :What did you learn?
As more carbon dioxide is added to our atmosphere, plants will be able to grow faster.
When carbon enters the deep ocean, how long does it stay there?
It stays there for hundreds of years.
True or False: Phytoplankton are tiny plants and algae that float in the ocean and take up carbon
dioxide as they grow.
True
True or False: Plants both absorb CO2 from the atmosphere and release it into the atmosphere.
True
Nitrogen Cycle:
16. What are the two conditions under which nitrogen will react with oxygen? (In other
words, what is necessary for nitrogen in the air to combine with oxygen?)
The two conditions that are needed in order to nitrogen combine with oxygen are high temperature and pressures near lightening bolts.
17. What are the two compounds that are formed when nitrogen combines with oxygen?
Nitric oxide, (NO), and nitrogen dioxide, (NO2).
18. How does nitric acid (HNO3) form?
Nitric acid form when nitrogen dioxide react with water in rain.
19. Why is nitric acid (HNO3) important?
It is important because it becomes a plant nutrient.
20. What percentage of the air we breathe is nitrogen?
Only 79% of the air that we breath is nitrogen gas. (N2).
21. Even though considerable nitrogen is available in the air, most plants do not use the nitrogen
(N2) found in the air. Why not?
Plants do not use completely nitrogen , because this becomes Ammonia which later will be released from them.
22. In what compounds can plants use nitrogen? They can only use nitrogen when this is in a fixed form, such as :
Animals get the nitrogen that they by eating the plants that consume nitrogen as well.
24. Atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is pretty inert. This means that it does not easily break apart. When molecules do not break apart easily, it is difficult (or impossible) for organisms to use them as a nutrient source. As a result, nitrogen fixation is the term used to describe the
process of breaking up N2.
a. What is atmospheric fixation?
The energy of light breaks apartnitrogen molecules and enables their atoms to combine with oxygen in the air forming nitrogen oxides. These dissolve in rain, forming nitrates, that are carried to the earth.
b. What is industrial fixation? [This is how artificial fertilizers are made.]
Industrial fixation is a process in where men is trying to break apart the nitrogen molecules so later on they will create ammonia.
c. What is biological fixation? (In your answer, describe the types of plants associated with the symbiotic relationship.)
The ability to fix nitrogen is found only in certain bacteria and archaea.
25. Draw the nitrogen cycle: On a separate piece of paper: (Remember there are other diagrams on the previous websites.) If you’re not sure what a term means, look through the reading and links for help.
Diagram is shown in the picture above.
26. Why is nitrogen needed by plants and animals?
Nitrogen is needed by plants and animals , because they need as inorganic nitrate from the soil solution. Ammonium is used less by plants for uptake because in large concentrations it is extremely toxic. Animals receive the required nitrogen they need for metabolism, growth, and reproduction by the consumption of living or dead organic matter containing molecules composed partially of nitrogen.
16. What are the two conditions under which nitrogen will react with oxygen? (In other
words, what is necessary for nitrogen in the air to combine with oxygen?)
The two conditions that are needed in order to nitrogen combine with oxygen are high temperature and pressures near lightening bolts.
17. What are the two compounds that are formed when nitrogen combines with oxygen?
Nitric oxide, (NO), and nitrogen dioxide, (NO2).
18. How does nitric acid (HNO3) form?
Nitric acid form when nitrogen dioxide react with water in rain.
19. Why is nitric acid (HNO3) important?
It is important because it becomes a plant nutrient.
20. What percentage of the air we breathe is nitrogen?
Only 79% of the air that we breath is nitrogen gas. (N2).
21. Even though considerable nitrogen is available in the air, most plants do not use the nitrogen
(N2) found in the air. Why not?
Plants do not use completely nitrogen , because this becomes Ammonia which later will be released from them.
22. In what compounds can plants use nitrogen? They can only use nitrogen when this is in a fixed form, such as :
- nitrate ions (NO3−)
- ammonium ions (NH4+)
- urea (NH2)2CO
Animals get the nitrogen that they by eating the plants that consume nitrogen as well.
24. Atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is pretty inert. This means that it does not easily break apart. When molecules do not break apart easily, it is difficult (or impossible) for organisms to use them as a nutrient source. As a result, nitrogen fixation is the term used to describe the
process of breaking up N2.
a. What is atmospheric fixation?
The energy of light breaks apartnitrogen molecules and enables their atoms to combine with oxygen in the air forming nitrogen oxides. These dissolve in rain, forming nitrates, that are carried to the earth.
b. What is industrial fixation? [This is how artificial fertilizers are made.]
Industrial fixation is a process in where men is trying to break apart the nitrogen molecules so later on they will create ammonia.
c. What is biological fixation? (In your answer, describe the types of plants associated with the symbiotic relationship.)
The ability to fix nitrogen is found only in certain bacteria and archaea.
25. Draw the nitrogen cycle: On a separate piece of paper: (Remember there are other diagrams on the previous websites.) If you’re not sure what a term means, look through the reading and links for help.
Diagram is shown in the picture above.
26. Why is nitrogen needed by plants and animals?
Nitrogen is needed by plants and animals , because they need as inorganic nitrate from the soil solution. Ammonium is used less by plants for uptake because in large concentrations it is extremely toxic. Animals receive the required nitrogen they need for metabolism, growth, and reproduction by the consumption of living or dead organic matter containing molecules composed partially of nitrogen.
The Water Cycle:
1. Define "water cycle".
A complex process of 6 phases : Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation, Surface Runoff, Infiltration, ans Transpiration. It is a complex process that benefit all living things in our globe.
2. What fraction of the Earth’s surface is covered in water?
It covers more than 3/4 of the earth's surface.
3. What percentage of all the Earth’s water is in a form that is useable to humans and land animals?
Just 1 % of water can be used by humans and land animals.
1. Evaporation is the process where a liquid changes from its ___liquid__ state to a
__gaseous_ state.
2. Why is evaporated water so clean?
By the Evaporation cycle , all the water impurities are left behind leaving the water more clean than it was on Earth.
3. Condensation occurs when a _Gas__ is changed into a __Liquid____.
4. Condensation is the opposite of ______Evaporation______.
5. When the___Temperature__ and ___Atmospheric Pressure___ are right, the small droplets of
water in clouds form larger droplets and precipitation occurs.
6. Define transpiration:
It is the final process of the water cycle. It consist in where the plants had absorb the water and this travels from their roots and steam to the leaves. After that some the water will stay and the other portion will evaporate to the atmosphere
1. Using the terms "evaporation", "condensation", and "precipitation", explain the water cycle in your own words.
The first phase of water is liquid , which later on by the earth temperature and other factors it will become gas or by the process called evaporation. Later the water molecules will be rise up and the atmosphere and among others they will attach to each other and form what we call clouds or Condensation process. Finally by having so many water molecules they will break apart creting precipitation or rain.
2. What factor is most important in determining whether water is a solid, liquid, or gas?
The temperature.
3. Is the amount of water on Earth always changing or is it a constant amount?
1. Define "water cycle".
A complex process of 6 phases : Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation, Surface Runoff, Infiltration, ans Transpiration. It is a complex process that benefit all living things in our globe.
2. What fraction of the Earth’s surface is covered in water?
It covers more than 3/4 of the earth's surface.
3. What percentage of all the Earth’s water is in a form that is useable to humans and land animals?
Just 1 % of water can be used by humans and land animals.
1. Evaporation is the process where a liquid changes from its ___liquid__ state to a
__gaseous_ state.
2. Why is evaporated water so clean?
By the Evaporation cycle , all the water impurities are left behind leaving the water more clean than it was on Earth.
3. Condensation occurs when a _Gas__ is changed into a __Liquid____.
4. Condensation is the opposite of ______Evaporation______.
5. When the___Temperature__ and ___Atmospheric Pressure___ are right, the small droplets of
water in clouds form larger droplets and precipitation occurs.
6. Define transpiration:
It is the final process of the water cycle. It consist in where the plants had absorb the water and this travels from their roots and steam to the leaves. After that some the water will stay and the other portion will evaporate to the atmosphere
1. Using the terms "evaporation", "condensation", and "precipitation", explain the water cycle in your own words.
The first phase of water is liquid , which later on by the earth temperature and other factors it will become gas or by the process called evaporation. Later the water molecules will be rise up and the atmosphere and among others they will attach to each other and form what we call clouds or Condensation process. Finally by having so many water molecules they will break apart creting precipitation or rain.
2. What factor is most important in determining whether water is a solid, liquid, or gas?
The temperature.
3. Is the amount of water on Earth always changing or is it a constant amount?